Since its release in 2020, OCPP 2.0.1 has gained significant attention and is now used to manage charging stations on the field. To address the evolving needs of the electromobility ecosystem, the Open Charge Alliance has been working on a new version of OCPP, OCPP 2.1, released in January 2025. In a nutshell, OCPP [...]
Introduction and context The use of electric vehicles has greatly increased in recent years. With the European Union voting to end sales of carbon dioxide–emitting cars by 2035 [1], that trend is expected to continue. Due to that trend, however, the transport sector’s electricity consumption increased sixfold between 2018 and 2022 [2]. Its growing [...]
Context Digitalization is becoming essential in many areas, such as energy, healthcare, smart cities and agriculture. Technologies such as IoT, AI, data spaces, Edge2Cloud, digital twins and IT continuum are emerging, all promising flexible integration in these areas. However, there are crucial cross-cutting aspects that ensure the delivery of safe and trustworthy products and [...]
